Fine art
Although it is direct translation of beaux art in French or "fine art'" in&sbquo English&sbquo I have to say that the outline of the concept of bijutsu is still vague. In the Meiji Period&sbquo as art for the purpose of expressing beauty&sbquo bljutsu inc}uded not oniy paintings&sbquo scuiptures&sbquo architecture&sbquo and crafts&sbquo but also poetry&sbquo drama&sbquo and dance&sbquo and in Shoyo Tsubouchi's Shosetsu Shinzui (the essence of novels)&sbquo even literature was included. In recent years&sbquo however&sbquo it has become a concept limited to art that creates forms and shapes. Calligraphy&sbquo Iandscaping or architecture are not included. Photographs and video images should be included in geijutsu (art) in a large sense&sbquo but the debate on whether they are bijutsu (fine art) or not has been evaded. This issue has to be reviewed in a comparison between the concepts of geijutsu and bijutsu. Geijutsu means there is skill (masterfully finished expression) and bijutsu means that beauty is further implied in it. As the artist as the expresser of beauty and artisan as the expresser of skill are distinguished&sbquo architecture and crafts are expressions that place more importance on practicality and functionality&sbquo and hence seen as deviations from the realm of bijutsu. From the above viewpoints as well&sbquo there are still many people today who believe that bijutsu or bi (beauty) is something that imparts delight to the human eye. From the evidence of art history&sbquo archeology&sbquo ethnology and religious studies&sbquo the biased nature of the view that "bijutsu = formative art-work" Is the cause for a considerable change in the sensitive sense of value towards the purpose of formative arts and expression of beauty . In design&sbquo realization of functionality and practicality is demanded along with the expression of beauty. The relationship between function and beauty should be reviewed by retracing the historical changes in&sbquo for example&sbquo design as applied art or design in applied arts. That is&sbquo redefinition of the concepts of bijutsu and beauty is also necessary in design.